Geological aspects of shale gas situation and settings. Pdf the most important properties in shale gas plays are the mineralogical. It is uncertain how much gas might be recovered from shale in the uk. In this regard, important developments have occurred in the united states of america since the mid2000s. In terms of chemical makeup, shale gas is typically a dry gas composed primarily of methane 6095% vv, but some formations do produce wet gas. Geology of the louisiana haynesville shale play louis gilbert. Geology of the louisiana haynesville shale play prepared by. Apr, 2020 books related to oil shale production developments are available here in this section composition, geochemistry and conversion of oil shales download geochemistry and chemistry of oil shales download impacts of shale gas and shale oil on the environment download oil shale developments in petroleum science, 5 download oil shale dr. Geology and shale gas resource potentials in the sichuan. This period has been mainly referred to as the shale gas boom or revolution and the growth of natural gas production in the united states through shale gas extraction has led. Natural gas markets and global gas resources organization for economic cooperation and development oecd. Black and gray shale are common, but the rock can occur in any color.
Shale gas fields development spread into pennsylvania, ohio, indiana, and kentucky. In unconventional drilling the source bed becomes the gas reservoir. Shale gas is found in shale plays, which are shale formations containing significant accumulations of natural gas and which share similar geologic and geographic properties. Shale gas is natural gas produced from shale formations that typically function as both the reservoir and the source rocks for the natural gas.
British geological survey for the oil and gas authority, london, uk. A fine grained sedimentary rock consisting of clay, silt and sand. Technically recoverable shale oil and shale gas resources. Natural gas and petroleum may be extracted from oil shale. Shale gas is trapped within the pores of this sedimentary rock. The geology of shale gas and tight oil resources in the united states conference paper pdf available january 2018.
Composition variety complicates processing plans for us shale gas by. The term shale gas refers to the production of thermogenic or biogenic methane from organicrich shalemudstone, while the term tight oil aka shale oil, shalehosted figure 3. The book is a key reference that is useful for researchers, the oil and gas industry, and. Conventional versus unconventional gas well drilling. Geology and resources of some world oil shale deposits. Hundreds of shallow wells were drilled in the following years into the shale along lake erie and then southeastward into western new york. Resource categories when considering the market implications of abundant shale resources, it is important to distinguish between a.
Geology, sequence stratigraphy, and oil and gas assessment. The asquith marker, in the lower lewis shale, is an organicrich shale easily recognizable on gr log. Subsequent sedimentation and the resultant heat and pressure transformed the mud into shale and also produced natural gas from the organic matter contained in it. Shale gas has become an increasingly important source of natural gas in the united states since the start of this century, and interest has spread to potential gas shales in the rest of the world.
Generalized thickness trends within the marcellus shale in maryland. Geology and resources of some world oilshale deposits. China, qingdao, shandong, china, 2 state key laboratory of oil and gas reservoir geology and. Robert ressetar, utah geological survey, salt lake city, utah. The us energy research and development administration erda began to evaluate gas resources in the us in the late 1960s. Of the natural gas consumed in the united states in 2009, 87% was produced domestically. Usa is leading the development of techniques for exploring, and technology for exploiting unconventional gas resources, which can help to develop potential gas bearing shales of thailand. Shale gas resource is the amount of shale gas that is present within a rock formation.
It is used to make brick, pottery, tile, and portland cement. Shale is a finegrained, clastic sedimentary rock, composed of mud that is a mix of flakes of clay minerals and tiny fragments siltsized particles of other minerals, especially quartz and calcite. Technically recoverable shale oil and shale gas resources 6 2. An evaluation of shale gas potential in the bowland shale. Shale gas white paper, schlumberger, 200526 2 annual institute on mineral law, vol. A two dimensional 2d seismic survey is an exploration method used. Information on the monterey shale natural gas intel. Pdf with sichuan basin as focus, this paper introduces the depositional environment. Pdf geological characteristics and resource potential of shale gas. Large volumes of gas and some oil have been produced from the formation.
Shale gas refers to natural gas that is trapped within shale formations. The eastern gas shales project was initiated in 1976 by. Geology of the louisiana haynesville shale play published by lsu law digital commons, 2009. It is present below the surface, at varying depths throughout much, but not all of wv. Regional shale gas potential of the triassic doig and montney formations, northeastern british columbia warren walsh, chris adams, ben kerr, and joe korol petroleum geology open file 200602. Broadhead, new mexico bureau of geology and mineral resources, a division of new mexico institute of mining and technology introduction the oil and natural gas that are produced from oil and gas fields reside in porous and permeable rocks reservoirs in which these liquids have collected and accumulated. Regions titled, natural gas drilling in the marcellus shale under the npdes program march 16, 2011. Shale gas formations are unconventional reservoirs i. No gasoil shales are essential components of classical conventional oil and gas. This paper responds to these needs by describing the importance of shale gas in meeting the future energy needs of the united states u. North carolina shale gas baseline groundwater sampling project. Keith bullin phd peter krouskop phd bryan research and engineering inc. Oklahoma shale resource plays university of oklahoma.
The appalachian basin grandfather of the worlds oil and gas industry 1859 edwin drake drills first oil well in. Beaton energy resources conservation board alberta geological survey july 2009. Shale gas forming mechanism of on site retention reservoiring. Dyni abstract oil shale deposits are in many parts of the world. Proposal pdf well database xls bibliography of published stratigraphic definition, petrologic, rock mechanics, geochemical, and geochronology analysis pdf presentations pdf burial histories of mississippian potential source and shalegas reservoir rocks, central and western utah. The uks shale gas resource, as a homegrown supply, could add to the diversity of our gas supplies and help to support our energy security. British geological survey for department of energy and climate change, london, uk. Sep 22, 2015 the gas reserve spread over 12,000 square km in the durgapur ranigunj area is the worlds third shale gas find. Defined the prospective area of each shale gas formation 4. Selected geologic characteristics pertinent to occurrence of producible oil and gas resources are also shown when available. Shale gas prospectivity uk carboniferous to triassic shale formations.
This third order condensed section has a maximum thickness of 100 ft. In other words, shale readily breaks into thin layers. Over long spans of geologic time, some of the gas migrated to adjacent sandstones and was trapped. International journal of coal geology shale gas and shale. Oil and gas exploration, resources, and production. Shale gas is natural gas that is found trapped within shale formations. The defining characteristic of shale is its fissility. The gas reserve spread over 12,000 square km in the durgapur ranigunj area is the worlds third shale gas find. Shale gas was generated from organic mud deposited at the bottom of ancient bodies of water.
Reservoir geologic and petrophysical characterization of. The successful pilot testing of firstever shale gas on surface will put india on shale gas map of the world. Actual estimates vary, and some believe that that the shale gas boom may become a bust, iii but a 2012 study funded by industry and conducted by ihs global insight illustrates. Thermal maturity of woodford shale gas and oil plays. Three main prospective shales dominate the identified unconventional reservoirs. Exploration and environmental and economic impacts explores the shale gas exploration and production activities that are increasing globally, also presenting a basic understanding on the geological, geochemical, and geophysical aspects. Composition variety complicates processing plans for us shale gas.
The term shale gas refers to the production of thermogenic or biogenic methane from organicrich shale mudstone, while the term tight oil aka shale oil, shale. Regional shale gas potential of the triassic doig and. As evidence of the success in producing gas from shales, in 2008, the barnett shale became the largest gas producing play or formation in the us, contributing 7% of all the natural gas produced in the contiguous 48 states for that year. This contrasts with a conventional gas reservoir produced from sands and carbonates such as. Shale is characterized by breaks along thin laminae or parallel layering or bedding less than one centimeter in thickness, called fissility. The successful exploitation of barnett shale and other north american plays has led to a renewed interest in the geological evolution of the carboniferous bowlandhodder shale, which is considered to be a potential major source of shale gas in the uk andrews 20. According to ongc estimates, indias shale gas reserves range between 600 and 2,000 trillion cubic feet.
Geology of the marcellus shale in maryland david k. Producing gas from the barnett shale was a challenge. New data from three shale gas exploration wells in the bowland basin of nw england contribute to the understanding of the stratigraphy, tectonic history and unconventional hydrocarbon resource potential of lower carboniferous strata. Basically, it is natural gas primarily methane found in shale formations, some of which were formed 300millionto400million years ago during the devonian period of earths history. Organic rich facies in the lewis shale as an oil and gas. The method sends energy waves into the earth generated by a source such as vibroseis trucks. Much of the technology used in drilling and production of shale gas has been developed on this play. Paleozoic shalegas resources utah geological survey. The shale gas reserve is the amount of gas that can be recovered from a rock formation within regulatory, environmental, technical and economic limits. This document offers a geologic framework to examine the potential for shale gas exploration. Barnett, marcellus, fayetteville, new albany, antrim, and haynesville. Shale gas resources of the bowland basin, nw england.
Broadhead, new mexico bureau of geology and mineral resources, a division of new mexico institute of mining and technology introduction the oil and natural gas that are produced from oil and gas fields reside in porous. Furthermore the clays show interparticle porosity in which free gas may occur too. Barnett the barnett shale formation is the grandfather of shale gas plays. Gas is normally stored through three ways in gas shales. Shale gas american association of petroleum geologists. In reality, the marcellus has been a known gas reservoir for more than 75 years. Proved reserves are volumes of oil and natural gas that geologic and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable. Permeability refers to the capacity of a porous, sediment, soil or rock in this case to transmit a fluid. There can be free gas in the pores or adsorbed gas on the organic material. The different rock formations then reflect the waves. Geology and resources of some world oil shale deposits1 by john r.
The book is a key reference that is useful for researchers, the oil and gas industry, and policymakers in gas producing and prospective countries. Geological survey usgs south atlantic water science center is conducted an inventory of well records and baseline groundwaterquality sampling to better delineate areas of groundwater use and groundwaterquality characteristics prior to potential shale gas exploration in the triassic basins of lee and chatham counties, north carolina. What has made it newsworthy, besides much hyperbole, is that the oil and gas industry has both new technology and price incentives that make this otherwise difficult gas play economical. Regional shale gas potential of the triassic doig and montney formations, northeastern british. The main focus is on sourcereservoirseal shale petroleum plays. The shale gas resource potentials and emerging production have been confirmed by the reservoir characteristics and test results of recent drilled wells targeting marine, transitional and lacustrine shale gas in the sichuan basin. Further details on this can be found on the oga website. Geology of the marcellus shale in maryland conventional appalachian deep gas source bed and unconventional gas reservoir david k. Shales are finegrained sedimentary rocks that can be rich sources of petroleum and natural gas see fig. Determine the areal extent of the shale formations within the basin and estimate its overall thickness, in. Soeder and others published the geology of shale gas and tight oil resources in the united states find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate.
There is oil and gas in californias monterey shale formation, but its not unconventional and its not much, according to a means. Based on a presentation to the annual forum, gas processors associationhouston chapter, oct. Canada, russia, usa, and venezuela are producing heavy oil from oilsand. The formation was initially described by geologist j. They range in age from cambrian to tertiary and were formed in a variety of marine, continental, and lacustrine depositional environments. An assessment of 7 shale formations in 41 countries outside the united states. Shale gas energy our research british geological survey. Geology, sequence stratigraphy, and oil and gas assessment of. In march 2011, after just three years of development, the prolific. The pore spaces in shale are so tiny that the gas has difficulty moving through the shale and into the well. The barnett shale of texas was the first major natural gas field developed in a shale reservoir rock. Selected geologic characteristics pertinent to occurrence of producible oil and gas. Shale oil is a substitute for conventional crude oil.
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